It’s finally happened. The libertarians are seriously, with a straight face and their usual sarcastic smugness, defending Ebenezer Scrooge as a humanitarian hero. And not after the ghosts of Christmas visit him, either.
Don’t get me wrong; the libertarians and I do have some common ground. Some. But this sort of position just underlines the absurdity of some of their central tenets. And oh, yeah: if you disagree with this pro-Scrooge thesis, you’re a communist.
The article I’m referring to is The Case for Ebenezer by Butler Shaffer. Now, anyone who’s talked to a libertarian will recognize some of this rhetoric; by being rich, Scrooge was funneling money with his investments to people who need it most, and so on. But this guy goes way over the edge. He’s not just praising investment, which is fine and good as far as it goes; he’s praising greed, explicitly.
The first little gem of the article proper (the part that’s not in italics) is as follows:
His case comes down to just two points: [1] my client has managed to become very rich, and, [2] he insists on keeping his money for himself.
One wonders if Mr. Shaffer has ever actually read A Christmas Carol. Wasn’t Scrooge’s vice not that he was rich, or even that he wanted to remain rich, but rather that he underpaid his assistant to the point of inhumanity and had no concern for the sufferings of his fellow men? That he’d happily let the entirety of the English poor starve to death in order to decrease the surplus population?
The next brilliant argument brought by Shaffer in favor of Scrooge is that Dickens was rather cruel to give him such an unpleasant name. It’s Scrooge, after all. Doesn’t that just drip greed and villainy? Yes, it’s truly insightful. I’m not sure that any kind of response could be brought to such an argument. Never mind that choosing descriptive names for characters is a common literary tactic, and Dickens can hardly be criticized for doing so in his own work. Next Shaffer will become very incensed at Nathaniel Hawthorne for naming the villainous medicine man “Chillingsworth.”
There follows another enlightening argument:
The case against Ebenezer Scrooge is nothing more than a well-orchestrated, vicious conspiracy to extort from my client as much of his money as can be acquired through terror, threats of his death, and other appeals to fear.
Yes! Marley warning Scrooge that his greed and callous inhumanity, his total disregard for the well being of the poor and even of his own employee’s family, may lead to punishment in Hell is clearly a “vicious conspiracy to extort” Scrooge’s money. It’s certainly not an attempt to help Scrooge overcome his greed and avoid the punishments that Marley himself suffers in the world to come. Nothing like that.
More brilliance follows. Bob Cratchett, for example, is just a big whiny loser, a “groveling, ergophobic, humanoid sponge”:
Cratchett has worked for an allegedly substandard level of pay–whatever that may mean–for my client for many years. Why? Why did he not quit? Why didn’t he go to work for some other employer[?]
It apparently never occurs to Shaffer that there might not have been any other employers who could offer a higher wage, and that Cratchett was therefore forced to accept Scrooge’s abuse and low wages for years lest he thrust himself and his family into the uncertainty of unemployment—which was, let us remember, even more uncertain in those times than it is in ours. Shaffer’s response to this argument is simply to assert the contrary: no, there must have been other things for Cratchett to do, and since he didn’t, he must have been getting exactly the wages that he deserved, even if those wages were insufficient to support his family in anything but borderline poverty. He even says that Cratchett should have gone to school and gotten some training to make himself worth more money! Yes! After he works his twelve-hour day in Scrooge’s office, he should go find a school that’s still open at seven o’clock in the evening in Victorian England and train for another job, and still perform well enough for Scrooge during the day that he doesn’t get fired! And if he doesn’t, it’s not because he prudently decided he couldn’t do it and would like to see his family for what precious little time he can each day, it’s because he’s lazy and incompetent!
This is typical libertarian denial; the poor are poor because they deserve it, not because things are set up the way they are, and this is universally true with no exceptions. If you deny it, they just say that their rectitude is perfectly obvious “[t]o anyone with even the most rudimentary understanding of economics.” Since you disagree, you don’t have even the most rudimentary understanding of economics. See? Libertarianism can’t be defeated!
We begin to understand where libertarians generally go wrong when Shaffer identifies what Dickens (and the entirety of the sensible part of Western tradition) identifies as the source of greed:
Dickens expresses the dreary sentiment of “original sin”–an idea central to all collectivist thinking–which presumes individual self-interest to be a source of social misery rather than the fount of human well-being.
The notion of original sin, and that it causes men to care more for themselves than for others, is clearly a communist idea with no basis in reality. Truly, original sin should just be called “self-interest.” Every sensible person cares for himself before anyone else; this isn’t greed, it’s just “self-interest,” and it, rather than the salvation offered by Christ, is “the fount of human well-being.” So saith Shaffer, keeper of divine revelation.
There’s more to this insipid little article, but it all amounts to this: greed isn’t a vice, it’s good and should be called “self-interest.” Now, no one would deny that a man must take care of himself and see to it that he procures the necessities for himself, Christians last of all. But Christians also identify, correctly, that “the desire of money is the root of all evils; which some coveting have erred from the faith, and have entangled themselves in many sorrows” (I Tim. 6:10).* This desire to acquire more and more for oneself is a vice according to the Christian tradition, and must be fought, not honored. Yet this article praises the desire to constantly increase one’s own wealth, and even at least condones the desire not to give any of it away, ever, without the expectation of significant returns. This may be (and is) excellent libertarianism; unfortunately, it is very poor Christianity.
The lesson of A Christmas Carol is that the rich should give freely of themselves, just as the poor should; that constantly accumulating more and more money is not the route to happiness; and that greed must give way to charity if one can hope for happiness in this world or the next. Libertarians may not like it, but Christ does, and that’s what He taught.
Christians must, by their religion, love the post-ghost Scrooge and heartily condemn the pre-ghost one. Dickens was right; Scrooge may have had a lot of money, but he was a poor man. The sooner libertarians learn such things, the happier they and the rest of the planet will be.
Praise be to Christ the King!
* Yes, that translation is (mostly) correct. The Clementine Vulgate (available at The Clementine Vulgate Project), guaranteed by the Council of Trent to contain no error, renders the passage as follows: “Radix enim omnium malorum est cupiditas: quam quidam appetentes erraverunt a fide, et inseruerunt se doloribus multis.” This translates literally to “For the root of all evils is desire; how much indeed do those desiring wander from the faith, and plant for themselves many pains.” Even more than the desire for money, then, desire itself is the root of all evils.
Download to PDF




at 6:41 PM
Thanks again Donald for responding swiftly to an error in thinking in a logical and coherent manner.
at 11:08 AM
The Shaffer article was a little over the top — deliberately so, I assume — but it makes what, to people trapped in a system that assumes you can’t finance ownership without reducing your consumption is a valid point: if you want to finance ownership and create jobs, then ownership must be concentrated, either in a private elite (Capitalism) or a public bureaucracy (Socialism). The only question is who is going to treat the wage slaves better: a greedy Capitalist elite, or an envious Socialist elite?
Chesterton gave the obvious answer: neither one, although Capitalism has what is an almost infinitesimal edge over Socialism simply because it distorts rather than destroys rights outright. Of course, that’s a little like saying you’d rather be shot than hanged.
So, from a Capitalist point of view, Scrooge is a misunderstood and put-upon victim … as characterized by a group that claims to abhor people and groups who claim victimhood. What they miss is Scrooge’s real SOCIAL crime. His individual crimes are obvious, but excused (so they think) by “the system” that they also reject, a paradox that Chesterton might have pointed out had he heard such puff.
What is Scrooge’s SOCIAL crime? He was a banker, but not the kind that takes deposits and makes loans. No, Scrooge was the REAL type of banker, one who takes deposits, makes loans, and ISSUES PROMISSORY NOTES for people to use in daily trade, like buying and selling at the grocers. That pound note or dollar bill in your pocket is a promissory note. It is supposed to be backed by the present value of existing and future marketable goods and services. Because government got into the money business, that note is backed by government’s ability to tax the existing and future marketable goods and services that other people produce. Not so good, but banks like Scrooge’s can still create demand deposits IF somebody brings in a good note — money they create (and it’s legal, it’s even moral, it happens all the time, every day) and trade for the bank’s promissory note that backs the demand deposit. As long as the note represents existing or reasonably certain to be produced marketable goods and services, this is moral.
It’s also a way that people without savings can finance new capital. Scrooge’s crime, along with every other mercantile and central bank today, is to restrict its money creation power to the rich and the government, and not let the rest of us in on it.
at 6:16 AM
Must it be written like this? There could be a good point in here.
at 8:33 AM
+AMDG
.
@Paul Danon: must what be written like this?
at 10:51 AM
I am madly in love with Dickens’ writings (probably to a fault, but he was sorely disregarded and wrongly ridiculed by most of my college English professors). Thank you for such a great defense of not only Dickens, but common sense and Christianity!
at 4:57 PM
The pro-Scrooge articles in libertarian and capitalist circles are as predicatble as snow in the Canadian forests in January and as PBS “exposes” of Christianity during Holy Week. And just as tiresome.
The War Street Journal usually does its annual pro-Scrooge article (with tongue only partly in cheek) every December and the Butler Shaffer/Lew Rockwell group follows suit every year. You could set your watch to it.
Mr Shaffer is one of the very worst (or most logical?) of the libertarians, given his pro-abortion and pro-homo tendencies. I do read Lew Rockwell’s website but always skip the yawn-inducing epistles of Mr Shaffer and others who think like him.
His misconceptions are good for a laugh, though.
at 11:16 PM
It didn’t “finally happen”, you only just noticed. This and similar items have been regularly trotted out every Christmas for ten years or so.
at 3:23 AM
+AMDG
.
Well, I wrote this in Christmas 2008. That *was*, I’m happy to say, the first time I’d ever read someone defending pre-ghost Scrooge.
at 8:24 AM
Thank you Mr. Goodman for writing an outstanding piece. You are defending Christianity against a dangerous ideology that is not at all compatible with the teachings of our Lord, or the perennial teaching of the Church. Thank you! And, yes, lets please keep reading Dickens!
at 5:54 PM
Donald,
Great post! I do need to point out however that the Clementine Vulgate did not exist at the time of the Council of Trent, since it was promulgated by Clement VIII (Pope 1592-1605). Its declaration refers to the Vulgate as such, constantly used by the Church since St. Jerome. Moreover it is was not declared to be without error (inerrant) but rather to be free from error in Faith and Morals (infallible). Only the original Greek and Hebrew are properly speaking inerrant. This distinction is because a) it is a translation b) the issues of text criticism, Byzantine majority text, and other questions involved at the time made it prudent to limit its degree of infallibility while proclaiming its authority. This was renewed with Pope Pius XII who re-issued Trent’s language.
at 7:18 AM
+AMDG
.
All true, of course. But “the original Greek and Hebrew” are, by and large, no longer extant; we have only copies the accuracy of which is not always clear. As a practical matter, the Vulgate—translated by St. Jerome, who spoke the original Greek literally like a native and the Hebrew as well as anybody, Jew or Gentile, did at that time, based on texts that are most likely no longer extant—is probably the best available.